sewer discharges, and failing septic systems) and domestic and wild animals ( Whitlock, et al., 2002).

coli using data from a number of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) stormwater permit holders.įecal indicator microorganisms are found in feces from both human sources (e.g. Pitt (2011) reported similar nationwide median concentrations for fecal coliform and E. Selvakumar and Borst (2006) reported concentration ranges for fecal coliforms (5.6 × 10 3 – 2.2 × 10 4 CFU/100 mL), enterococci (1.0 × 10 3 – 6.6 × 10 3 CFU/100 mL), and E. Tata-Maharaj and Scholz (2010) reported typical concentrations in urban runoff as Escherichia coli ( E. Stormwater discharges release pathogenic bacteria, protozoan, and viruses to receiving waters ( Pandey et al., 2014). More river and stream miles were impacted by pathogenic indicator microorganisms than any other pollutant ( USEPA, 2009). A leading cause of this impairment is non-point source stormwater runoff from agricultural and urban areas affecting an estimated 46% of impaired rivers and streams, 22% of impaired lake areas, and 22% of impaired estuaries ( USEPA, 2009). National biennial water quality surveys consistently indicate waters are impaired by bacterial indicators, nutrients, sediments, and assorted toxic chemical loadings. However, nearly half of the nation’s assessed surface waters remain incapable of maintaining water quality adequate for supporting one or more designated uses, i.e., recreational swimming, fishing, or drinking water supply ( USEPA, 2007). Since the inception of the Clean Water Act (CWA) in 1972, the United States has made great efforts in restoring and preserving the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of the nation’s waters. Neither rain intensity nor temperature was demonstrated to have an observable effect in both concentrations of organisms and performance of permeable pavement but this may due to the limitations of the dataset consisting of 16 events over an eight-month period. This may be due to high pH observed in porous asphalt system infiltrate due to asphalt emulsions used in asphalt processing.

coli for pervious concrete when compared to runoff values, while permeable interlocking concrete pavers only had a modest (39%) observable reduction for E.

Concentration reductions greater than 90% were observed for all three indicator organisms for porous asphalt and fecal coliform and E. Fecal coliform and enterococci exceeded bathing water quality standards more than 72% and 34% of the time for permeable interlocking concrete pavers and pervious concrete, respectively. Results showed that porous asphalt had a much lower concentration in monitored infiltrate compared to pervious concrete and permeable interlocking concrete pavers concentrations of monitored organisms in infiltrate from porous asphalt were consistently below the bathing water quality standard and actually had limited detection. Three types of permeable pavements were monitored at the Edison Environmental Center in Edison, New Jersey for indicator organisms such as fecal coliform, enterococci, and E.

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